Motor fuel



Patented Aug. 28, 1928.

UNITED STATES 1,682,561 PATENT OFFICE.

EARL O. mm, CHARLESTON, WEST VIRGINIA, ASSIGNOB TO UNITED STATES NITO(10., INC., 0]! COLUMBUS,

OHIO, A CORPORATION OF nmwm IOTOB FUEL.

Io Drawing. Application filed larch 7,

The present invention relates to liquid fuels for use in internalcombustion engines, and

' more particularl to gasolene or other suitable petroleum istillates.

In the operation of an internal combustion engine, owin to thecombustion of the fuel in the cylin ers and the exceedin 1y hightemperatures resulting therefrom, t ere is a more or less rapidaccumulation of deposit in the combustion chambers of the c lindersaround the valves and u on the spar plugs, and also on the heads 0 thepistons, which seriously interferes with the proper operation of theengine. This deposit, commonly referred to as carbon, tends to causepreignition of the fuel charge in the cylinders, resulting in what iscommonly called a carbon knock. The carbon deposit is not entirelycarbon but includes other foreign substances, such as iron, rust, orother metallic particles from the walls of the cylinders and thepistons, and generall a conslderable portion of mineral matter ue to thedust from the road being drawn into the cylinders with the air enterlngthe carbureter of the engine. The carbon element of the deposit isformed by soot resulting from incomplete combustion of the fuel and alsofrom a carbonization of the excess of lubricatin oil which finds its wayinto the combustion 0 ambers of the cylinders. In some instances thisdeposit is hard and dry, and in other instances it is more or less softor sooty, and frequently it is easy. This latter condition 1s veryobjectionable because it tends particularly to foul the spark plugs andprevent proper ignition. The In ric-ant which finds its way into thecombustion chambers does not perform its pro er function in the saidcombustion cham rs, because of the hi h temperatures revailing in thelatter. It IS easily understood, however, that these chambers shouldreceive proper lubrication.

The main object of the presentinvention is to provide a 'motor fuelcomprising gasolene, or other suitable petroleum dlstillate, and certainingredients in solution therein, which not only has the effect ofpireventing deposition of carbon upon the wor ing parts of internalcombustion engines, but also tends to loosen and remove that which ispresent; and which not only improves the lubrication in the combustionchamber, where the lubrication is ve often insufiicient, but alsopossesses a big er gravity and generally pro- 1888. Serial 1T0. 859,828

vides considerablymore power than those now commonl in use.

The ingredients employed are gasolene or other products of petroleumdistillation, a hr h test lubr1cat1ng)oil, castor oil, paranitrochoroben zene and enzol. The pro rtions of these ingredients may be variebut a hlghly satlsfactory and eflicient liquid fuel has been obtained bthe use of the said ingrgdients 1n the 0 lowing proportions, to- WIGasolene 500 allons. Lubricating oil 84 uid oz. Castor oil 17 fluid oz.Paranitrochlorobenzene 12 oz.

Benzol fluid oz.

The lubricating oil and the castor oil are nuxed together,paranitrochlorobenzene is dissolved in the benzol, and the solution soobtamed added to the mixture of lubricating oil and castor oil. Aftersuitably mixing and blending these materials, the compound so obtainedis added to the gasolene or other product of petroleum distillation,whereby the 1m roved fuel is ready for use. This fuel 1s use in theordinary manner although in some cases it is necessary to adjust thecarbureter on the engine differently than when used with gasoline alone.

The compound added to the gasoline is readily soluble therein or inother petroleum fuels used, and does in no way interfere with the exlesion of the combustible charges in the cy inders. On the contra ittends to improve the burning of the c arge. Inasmuch as the compound isentirely and readily soluble in petroleum fuels, it is readilycarburetable therewith. The primarily solvent part of the compound isthe paranitrochlorobenzene, which is a coal tar product. This in-'gredient has a much higher boiling int than gasoline and is adapted tobe absor ed by the carbon deposits and to have a solvent action uponthose ingredients of the deposits which are capable of being dissolved.The benzol not only serves as a solvent for the paranitrochlorobenzene,but acts also as a solvent for the carbon deposits. The mixture oflubricating oil and castor oil has a high heat test, is not affected bythe explosion of the successive charges in the cylinders of the engine,that is to say ignition does not injure it in its capacity as alubricant to any considerable extent, and consequently the lubricantperforms its lubricatin function in the combustion chambers o theengine. Furthermore, it also prevents carbon from adhering A to thewalls of the cylinders, spark plugs,

valves, cylinder rings, valve seats, etc., so that these elements are atall times kept clean, which is not the case when it is attempted tointroduce ordinary lubricants with the fuel.

It has also been found that the compound added to the gasolene acts as acatalytic agent and that, as a result of such action, the formation ofcarbon and its deposition upon the working parts of the engine arerevented. The compound added to the gaso ene raises the avity of thefuel, assures material saving in gasolene together with a quick pickupin the engine, and makes it possible to obtain materially increasedpower, as actual tests have shown. The new fuel composition is adaptedfor use and with materially improved results in the same automobileengines now in use with gasolene, and without requiring an changes inthe design of the engines. Ita omaterially increases the flexibility inspeed of an internal combustion engine. It is a well known fact that theincreased flexibility in speed is one of the principal reasons given bymanufacturers for complicating the engines of automobiles by increasingthe number of the cylinders, so that the increased flexibility and speedobtainable with the improved fuel composition makes it possible toobtain with a lesser number of engine cylinders a flexibility such as ithas heretofore been considered necessary to obtain by an increasednumber of cylinders.

What I claim is 1. A fuel composition for internal combustion enginesconsistin of hydrocarbon motor fuel material, a lubricant comprising ahigh heat test lubricating oil and castor oil, and a coal tar productcomprising benzol and paranitrochlorobenzene.

2. A fuel composition for internal combustion engines consisting ofhydrocarbon motor fuel material, a lubricant comprising :1 hi h heattest lubricating oil and castor oil, an a coal tar product comprisingbenzol and paranitrochlorobenzene, the paranitrochlorobenzene beingpresent in the proportion of 12 oz. to 500 gallons of the fuel.

3. A fuel composition for internal combustion engines consisting of ahydrocarbon motor fuel material, a lubricant having a high boilingpoint, and a coal tar product comprising benzol andparanitrochlorobenzene.

4. A fuel composition for internal combustion engines including ahydrocarbon motor fuel material, and a coal tar product comprisingbenzol and paranitrochlorobenzene.

Signed at Columbus, in the county of Franklin and State of Ohio, this7th day of February, A. D. 1928.

EARL C. HENN EN.

